PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) is a condition which causes disease where the ovaries produce partially mature eggs or immature eggs in a large number. The eggs, when accumulated, causes swelling in the ovaries which results in the release of large quantities of male hormones, causing infertility.
A combination of hormonal imbalance and genetic natures mostly causes it. In a normal female menstrual cycle, each month the two ovaries alternately release matured, ready-to-be-fertilized eggs. For someone with PCOD, however, the ovaries will often release either immature or only partially-mature eggs.
Which can go on to develop into cysts(little sacs filled with liquid).This will also leads to the ov aries swelling and enlargment. Normally, the ovaries release a limited amount of androgens (male hormones) during the cycle – but in case of PCOD, the ovaries will start producing androgens in excess than limit.
Symptoms:
Increased amount of male hormone/androgen production which can result in physical symptoms like male pattern baldness, excess facial and body hair, etc.
PCOD causes infertility due to failed ovulation and irregular/delayed periods .Infertility is the major symptom of PCOD.
Delayed periods or irregular menstruation because of the abnormal maturing of the egg.
Weight gain and acne are also symptoms of PCOD.
Diagnosis:
Blood tests can be done to monitor the hormone levels . If there is an increased level of androgen in the female, it might indicate PCOD.
An ultrasound may also be done to check the appearance of the ovaries and the uterus.
Prevention:
There is no proven cure for PCOD and it can be caused by insulin resistance, leading an unhealthy lifestyle and extreme weight gain.
Maintain a healthy weight and reduce fat by exercising regularly.
Maintain a healthy and well-balanced diet by consuming equal amounts of protein and carbohydrates, reducing sugary and fatty foods.
Manage your stress by indulging in hobbies and sports
Have a good quality sleep and a good sleep cycle